{"id":9122,"date":"2019-11-07T19:35:09","date_gmt":"2019-11-07T18:35:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.precidiab.org\/?p=9122"},"modified":"2022-08-18T12:55:25","modified_gmt":"2022-08-18T10:55:25","slug":"a-new-breakthrough-in-our-understanding-of-obesity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.precidiab.org\/en\/news\/a-new-breakthrough-in-our-understanding-of-obesity\/","title":{"rendered":"A new breakthrough in our understanding of obesity."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Les facteurs g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques jouent un r\u00f4le important dans le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 avec une h\u00e9ritabilit\u00e9 d\u2019environ 70%. La connaissance des causes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 permet de poser un diagnostic et de proposer aux patients des traitements efficaces.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Plusieurs centaines de r\u00e9gions du g\u00e9nome augmentant le risque d\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 commune ont \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9s jusqu\u2019\u00e0 aujourd\u2019hui. Par ailleurs, environ 5% des patients ob\u00e8ses en France ont une forme \u00ab rare \u00bb d\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 dite monog\u00e9nique car l\u2019anomalie d\u2019un seul g\u00e8ne y est suffisante pour conduire \u00e0 des troubles majeurs de l\u2019app\u00e9tit et \u00e0 une ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 s\u00e9v\u00e8re \u00e0 d\u00e9but souvent tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9coce. Des chercheurs lillois de l\u2019UMR8199 du LabEx EGID dirig\u00e9s par le Dr Am\u00e9lie Bonnefond (Universit\u00e9 de Lille – Inserm – CHU Lille – Institut Pasteur
de Lille) et par le Professeur Philippe Froguel (Universit\u00e9 de Lille, CNRS, CHU de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille) viennent de d\u00e9couvrir une nouvelle forme d\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 monog\u00e9nique qui a la caract\u00e9ristique unique de conduire \u00e0 un diab\u00e8te et \u00e0 une hypertension pr\u00e9coce . L\u2019identification de ce g\u00eane ouvre des perspectives diagnostiques et th\u00e9rapeutiques. Les anomalies du g\u00e8ne MRAP2 perturbent la voie de la leptine m\u00e9lanocortine qui contr\u00f4le la sensation de faim et de sati\u00e9t\u00e9, au niveau d\u2019une r\u00e9gion du cerveau appel\u00e9e
hypothalamus. La prot\u00e9ine MRAP2 est aussi pr\u00e9sente dans les cellules pancr\u00e9atiques qui produisent de l\u2019insuline ce qui pourrait expliquer pourquoi, \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence des autres formes d\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9s monog\u00e9niques, la d\u00e9ficience en MRAP2 est associ\u00e9e \u00e0 un diab\u00e8te en plus de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

SOURCES :<\/strong>
Loss-of-function mutations in MRAP2 are pathogenic in hyperphagic obesity with hyperglycemia and hypertension
Morgane Baron, Julie Maillet, Marl\u00e8ne Huyvaert, Aur\u00e9lie Dechaume, Rapha\u00ebl Boutry, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Loiselle, Emmanuelle Durand, B\u00e9n\u00e9dicte Toussaint, Emmanuel Vaillant, Julien Philippe, J\u00e9r\u00e9my Thomas, Amjad Ghulam, Sylvia Franc, Guillaume Charpentier, Jean-Michel Borys, Claire L\u00e9vy-Marchal, Ma\u00efth\u00e9 Tauber, Rapha\u00ebl Scharfmann, Jacques Weill, C\u00e9cile Aubert, Julie Kerr-Conte, Fran\u00e7ois Pattou, Ronan Roussel, Beverley Balkau, Michel Marre, Mathilde Boissel, Mehdi Derhourhi, Stefan Gaget, Micka\u00ebl Canouil, Philippe Froguel, Am\u00e9lie Bonnefond<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Genetic factors play an important role in the development of obesity with an heritability of around 70%. Knowing the genetic causes of obesity helps make a diagnosis and offer patients effective treatments.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Several hundred regions of the genome increasing the risk of common obesity have been identified so far. In addition, around 5% of obese patients in France have a “rare” form of obesity known as monogenic because the anomaly of a single gene is sufficient to lead to major appetite disorders and severe obesity. often very early onset. Lille researchers from the UMR8199 of the LabEx EGID led by Dr Am\u00e9lie Bonnefond (University of Lille – Inserm – CHU Lille – Institut Pasteur<\/div>\n
de Lille) and by Professor Philippe Froguel (University of Lille, CNRS, CHU de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille) have just discovered a new form of monogenic obesity which has the unique characteristic of leading to diabetes and early hypertension . Identifying this discomfort opens up diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives. Abnormalities in the MRAP2 gene disrupt the leptin-melanocortin pathway that controls feelings of hunger and fullness in a region of the brain called<\/div>\n
hypothalamus. The MRAP2 protein is also present in pancreatic cells that produce insulin, which may explain why, unlike other forms of monogenic obesity, MRAP2 deficiency is associated with diabetes in addition to obesity.<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
SOURCES:<\/strong><\/div>\n
Loss-of-function mutations in MRAP2 are pathogenic in hyperphagic obesity with hyperglycemia and hypertension<\/div>\n
Morgane Baron, Julie Maillet, Marl\u00e8ne Huyvaert, Aur\u00e9lie Dechaume, Rapha\u00ebl Boutry, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Loiselle, Emmanuelle Durand, B\u00e9n\u00e9dicte Toussaint, Emmanuel Vaillant, Julien Philippe, J\u00e9r\u00e9my Thomas, Amjad Ghulam, Sylvia Franc, Guillaume Charpentier, Jean-Michel Borys, Claire L\u00e9vy- Marchal, Ma\u00efth\u00e9 Tauber, Rapha\u00ebl Scharfmann, Jacques Weill, C\u00e9cile Aubert, Julie Kerr-Conte, Fran\u00e7ois Pattou, Ronan Roussel, Beverley Balkau, Michel Marre, Mathilde Boissel, Mehdi Derhourhi, Stefan Gaget, Micka\u00ebl Canouil, Philippe Froguel, Am\u00e9lie Bonnefond<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
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Find the publication in Nature Medicine<\/a><\/p>\n

Find the CP<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Les facteurs g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques jouent un r\u00f4le important dans le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 avec une h\u00e9ritabilit\u00e9 d\u2019environ 70%. La connaissance des causes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 permet de poser un diagnostic et de proposer aux patients des traitements efficaces. Plusieurs centaines de r\u00e9gions du g\u00e9nome augmentant le risque d\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 commune ont \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9s jusqu\u2019\u00e0 aujourd\u2019hui. Par ailleurs, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2307,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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